FOCUS   The European Union
			These articles report on the state of the Union. A separate collection reports on the euro
			February 12th 2000 Europe’s new left February 12th 2000 The EU prepares for newcomers February 5th 2000 An EU human-rights January 29th 2000 The EU’s tangle of trade deals January 22nd 2000 Improving European antitrust January 22nd 2000 The gobbledygook of EU reform January 22nd 2000 The EU’s antitrust reforms January 15th 2000 Turkey’s long haul January 15th 2000 What next for the EU? December 18th 1999 EU takeovers, overtaken by events December 18th 1999 The EU agrees to expand December 11th 1999 Charlemagne: Mikulas Dzurinda, Slovakia’s hopeful new turn December 4th 1999 Britain, Europe and tax November 27th 1999 The toxic eurobond tax November 27th 1999 The EU’s withholding-tax wrangle November 20th 1999 Will Europe have its own army? November 20th 1999 The EU’s auditors complain November 20th 1999 Europe’s stockmarkets under threat November 13th 1999 The EU’s looming reforms . . . November 13th 1999 . . . and the current right of veto November 6th 1999 All power to Strasbourg? November 6th 1999 Europe’s incoming tide October 23rd 1999 Europe’s future October 23rd 1999 My continent, right or wrong October 23rd 1999 Once and future leaders October 23rd 1999 The ageing alliance October 23rd 1999 Ploughshares into swords October 23rd 1999 Year zero for the euro October 23rd 1999 Here’s the beef October 23rd 1999 Wider still, and why October 23rd 1999 Limit cases October 23rd 1999 City of hypocrites October 23rd 1999 Charlemagne: Jacob Soderman, Europe’s mild ombudsman October 23rd 1999 More quarrels over Europe October 16th 1999 Tackling European crime October 9th 1999 How to stymie Strasbourg October 2nd 1999 Who will join the EU next? September 18th 1999 Romano Prodi’s new commission September 11th 1999 Prodi’s new team September 11th 1999 Quizzing Europe’s commissioners September 4th 1999 Charlemagne: Pascal Lamy, Europe’s controversial trade commissioner August 28th 1999 Charlemagne: Nicole Fontaine, the European Parliament’s conciliator August 21st 1999 European financial regulation July 31st 1999 European competition tussles July 24th 1999 The European Parliament’s new look July 17th 1999 Superpower Europe July 17th 1999 The new European Commission July 17th 1999 What Romano Prodi left behind July 17th 1999 Charlemagne: David O’Sullivan, a new grey eminence for Europe July 10th 1999 The EU’s new commission July 3rd 1999 Europe’s Mercosur fudge July 3rd 1999 Tax harmonisation’s gentle tune June 19th 1999 Euro-apathy June 19th 1999 Who won the EU’s elections June 19th 1999 The flop of the French right June 19th 1999 The election results in full June 19th 1999 Basques and Spaniards talk June 19th 1999 Labour’s Euro-election drubbing June 12th 1999 Europe’s parliamentary polls June 12th 1999 From small beginnings June 5th 1999 Turkey on trial June 5th 1999 Germany and an EU summit June 5th 1999 The European election campaign May 22nd 1999 The pro-euro Tories May 8th 1999 President Prodi May 8th 1999 Charlemagne: Romano Prodi, Europe’s April 10th 1999 Poland waits for Europe... April 3rd 1999 Dismal in Berlin April 3rd 1999 The tasks awaiting Romano Prodi March 27th 1999 Beyond Berlin March 27th 1999 Europe’s surprising summit March 27th 1999 Charlemagne: The European Union’s next commissioners March 20th 1999 A message for Europe March 20th 1999 The crisis in Brussels March 20th 1999 Goodbye to Berlin March 20th 1999 Upheaval in Germany March 20th 1999 France and nepotism March 20th 1999 Bagehot: Blair and Europe March 20th 1999 Diverging euro-economies March 13th 1999 America and Europe at odds March 13th 1999 The EU farm-support fudge March 13th 1999 Charlemagne: Sauli Niinisto, readying Finns for EU leadership March 6th 1999 Germany’s EU budget battle... March 6th 1999 ...and France’s rearguard action March 6th 1999 Edith Cresson, Europe’s most controversial commissioner March 6th 1999 New ways of being Eurosceptic February 20th 1999 Illegal migrants February 20th 1999 EU farm reform beckons... February 20th 1999 ...but Polish farmers fear it January 30th 1999 Plans to reform the EU January 30th 1999 Why small EU countries vote big January 9th 1999 Fraud and the European Union January 2nd 1999 Charlemagne: Who will run Europe’s institutions January 2nd 1999 The EU’s heavy agenda January 2nd 1999 Russia and the EU December 19th 1998 Europe’s Agenda 1999 November 21st 1998 Wasted EU money November 21st 1998 Charlemagne: Elisabeth Guigou, Europe’s future foreign-policy supremo November 14th 1998 Charlemagne: Mario Monti, the EU’s harmoniser-general November 14th 1998 Britain’s European defence strategy November 7th 1998 A wider European Union November 7th 1998 A reluctantly enlarging EU November 7th 1998 EU defence ministers meet November 7th 1998 Bagehot: Blair and Europe October 31st 1998 Europe swerves left October 31st 1998 Europe’s left-leaning economics October 31st 1998 Should EU interest rates come down October 17th 1998 Reforming Europe’s farm budget October 17th 1998 Ready for the euro October 10th 1998 The G7 and the euro-11 October 10th 1998 Reshaping the EU budget October 10th 1998 New thinking on Europe September 19th 1998 European banks and the euro September 19th 1998 India, unlikely model September 12th 1998 Germans debate social policy August 29th 1998 The European Union’s languages August 1st 1998 Charlemagne: Jose Cutileiro and Europe’s emerging defence club July 18th 1998 Charlemagne: A European foreign minister June 27th 1998 French shooters versus the EU June 20th 1998 Pondering Europe’s union June 13th 1998 Charlemagne: Handicapping the EU’s presidential race June 13th 1998 Bagehot: Labour and Europe June 13th 1998 Parallel imports in the EU June 13th 1998 Fudging the numbers with the euro June 6th 1998 The EU prods Slovenes... June 6th 1998 ...and annoys Poles June 6th 1998 Charlemagne: Hans van den Broek, expanding the EU May 30th 1998 Ireland’s Euro-complacency May 23rd 1998 Jacques Delors’s new plan for the EU May 23rd 1998 William Hague and Europe May 16th 1998 A transatlantic rapprochement May 16th 1998 Europe’s sizzling economies May 9th 1998 Enter the euro May 9th 1998 Will the French-German frost last May 9th 1998 How the Danes could stymie Europe May 9th 1998 Austria looks warily east May 9th 1998 Charlemagne: Wim Duisenberg, Europe’s new central banker May 2nd 1998 Europe takes flight May 2nd 1998 The great euro debate May 2nd 1998 Fanfare for the euro April 11th 1998 Survey: An Awfully Big Adventure April 11th 1998 The history of an idea April 11th 1998 A primer in economics April 11th 1998 Maastricht follies April 11th 1998 A bank is born April 11th 1998 Nuts and bolts April 11th 1998 International star April 11th 1998 Ever closer union? April 11th 1998 Rupert Murdoch, the EU’s friend April 4th 1998 Europe’s black economy April 4th 1998 Europe meets a testy Asia April 4th 1998 Unwelcome immigrants April 4th 1998 Charlemagne: Franz Fischler, Europe’s fierce farm manager March 28th 1998 Charlemagne: Yves-Thibault de Silguy, euro-navigator March 28th 1998 Economics focus: European monetary policy March 21st 1998 Europe’s dual enlargement March 21st 1998 How to enlarge Europe’s Union... March 21st 1998 ...and what it will cost March 21st 1998 Charlemagne: Hans Tietmeyer February 28th 1998 Poland’s long march to the EU February 21st 1998 Helmut Kohl’s rival for chancellor February 21st 1998 Charlemagne: Gianfranco Fini February 14th 1998 Germany rebels against the euro February 14th 1998 Science and the European Union February 14th 1998 Charlemagne: Lionel Jospin February 7th 1998 Charlemagne: Bouncy Balts January 31st 1998 Charlemagne: Cook and EU foreign policy January 31st 1998 Selecting Euro-MPs January 24th 1998 David Owen on Britain and Europe January 17th 1998 Charlemagne: Helmut Kohl January 17th 1998 The euro and Jean-Claude Trichet January 10th 1998 Europe’s Kurdish crisis January 10th 1998 Charlemagne: Toothless Santer January 3rd 1998 Britain’s place in Europe January 3rd 1998 The question for Europe January 3rd 1998 Charlemagne: A modern ancient December 20th 1997 Europe’s rebuff to Turkey December 20th 1997 Europe’s multi-speed summit... December 20th 1997 ...and Turkey’s angry response December 20th 1997 Italy’s euro-lust, euro-ignorance December 13th 1997 Germany and the euro December 13th 1997 Europe’s fuzzy frontiers December 6th 1997 How exclusive is the EMU club November 29th 1997 Hot air about jobs November 22nd 1997 Will the euro split the EU November 22nd 1997 The plague of state aid November 15th 1997 Germany rethinks Europe November 8th 1997 A very French dispute November 8th 1997 Many mountains still to climb November 8th 1997 A French head for Europe’s bank November 1st 1997 Dramatically unchanged on EMU November 1st 1997 The EU’s awkward expansion November 1st 1997 Mr Brown and EMU October 25th 1997 Tax harmony in the EU October 25th 1997 Britain shies away from EMU October 18th 1997 Europe’s tricky budget... October 18th 1997 ...and its euro-joining forecasts October 11th 1997 EMU, ready or not October 11th 1997 Europe’s single currency October 11th 1997 Finns love Europe’s Union... October 11th 1997 ...even more than Estonians do October 11th 1997 Economics focus: The pathology of French unemployment October 4th 1997 Creating Euro-jobs October 4th 1997 A shift on monetary union September 27th 1997 Europe’s coming economic boom September 20th 1997 Poland prepares for Europe September 20th 1997 The single currency’s timing... September 20th 1997 ...is crucial for Helmut Kohl September 20th 1997 When the euro meets the real world September 6th 1997 Europe’s farm follies September 6th 1997 An EU plan to reform farming August 30th 1997 EU commissioners: a report card August 30th 1997 Europe’s interest-rate puzzle August 9th 1997 Germany’s EU budget moan August 2nd 1997 The EU’s social agenda July 26th 1997 France’s budget and EMU July 19th 1997 Welcome to Europe July 19th 1997 The European Union heads east